Lapse Rate Explained !!!

Isostasy Explained !!!

Theory holds that the mantle is able to convect because of its plasticity, and this property also allows for another very important Earth process known as isostasy . The literal meaning of the word isostasy is “ equal standstill ”,ie. to maintain equilibrium. The general term 'isostasy' was coined in 1882 by the American geologist Clarence Dutton . Isostasy is the rising or settling of a portion of the Earth's lithosphere that occurs when weight is removed or added in order to maintain equilibrium between buoyancy forces that push the lithosphere upward and gravity forces that pull the lithosphere downward. Thus Isostasy is based on the opposing influences of two main forces: buoyancy and gravity. This concept is invoked to explain how different topographic heights can exist at Earth's surface. When a certain area of Earth's crust reaches the state of isostasy, it is said to be in isostatic equilibrium . Isostasy does not upset equilibrium b...

Bay,Gulf,Strait,Isthmus,Peninsula Explained !!

∎ Bay ➤ A bay is a body of water that is partly surrounded by land. Bays empty out into larger bodies of water like oceans and lakes. They are sometimes confused with other bodies of water such as gulfs, but bays are typically smaller . There are various ways in which bays can form. The largest bays have developed through plate tectonics. As the super-continent Pangaea broke up along curved and indented fault lines, the continents moved apart and left large bays; these include the Gulf of Guinea, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Bay of Bengal, which is the world's largest bay. Bays also form through coastal erosion by rivers and glaciers. A bay formed by a glacier is a fjord. Rias are created by rivers and are characterized by more gradual slopes. Bays can also be found along the shores of lakes. Bays are usually much calmer and more protected than seas or oceans . The land surrounding a bay often reduces the strength of winds and blocks waves. Most bays make excellent harbors and m...

Anabatic and Katabatic winds

Anabatic = moving upwards ; Katabatic = moving downwards . Anabatic winds which flow upslope of a mountain from lower valleys develop during daytime in calm sunny weather. They are warm winds which blows up a steep slope or mountain side, driven by heating of the slope through insolation . Air which is in contact with slopes that are warmed expands upward and cool and sinks over neighbouring valleys. Anabatic winds are usually slow , at only 1-2m/s and are rarely important expect near coasts where they can increase the strength of sea breezes. Anabatic winds are particularly useful to soaring glider pilots who can use them to increase the aircraft's altitude. Anabatic winds can be detrimental to the maximum downhill speed of cyclists. Katabatic winds a...

Without Geography you are nowhere !!!

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